Physical and Mental Properties of the Six Tastes from "The Ayurveda Encyclopedia" of Swami Sada Shiva Tirtha

 The symbols V, P, K stand for Váyu, Pitta, and Kapha. For example, VP- K+ is read the followingway: Váyu and Pitta are reduced; Kapha isincreased.

Sweet VP- K+ (sugar)

   Physical: Strengthens tissues, good for com-plexion, hair, throat, sense organs, ojas, children, and the elderly. It heals broken bones, effects lon-gevity, is an emollient, expectorant, and a mildlaxative. Sweet tastes build the body, increasebreast milk, and are difficult to digest. 

   Mental: Provides contentment and is harmoniz-ing. 

   In Excess: Causes overweight, indigestion, dia-betes, fainting, enlarged glands, and cancer.

Salty V- PK+ (V+ in excess) (table salt, seaweed)

   Physical: Clears channels and pores, improvesdigestion, produces sweat, enhances taste, pen-etrates tissues, causes lacerations, and bursting oftissues and abscesses.  

   Mental: Sedative, calms nerves, stops anxiety 

   In Excess: Increases blood, causes balding, grayhair, wrinkles, thirst, skin diseases, herpes, weak-ens body strength.

Sour V- PK+ (yogurt, wine,pickles)
   Physical: Good for the heart, digestion, relievesburning sensations, satiating, moistens, is easilydigested, oily, dispels gas, nourishes, relieves thirst,aids circulation, aids all tissues except reproduc-tive, maintains acidity.
   Mental: Awakens the mind and senses.
   In Excess: Flabbiness, loss of strength, blind-ness, giddiness, itching irritation, pallor, herpes,swellings, smallpox, thirst, fevers.

Pungent K- P+ (V+ in excess) (hot peppers, chillies, wine)
   Physical: Heals throat diseases, allergic rashes,skin disorders, edema, ulcer swelling; dries oili-ness, fat, and water; promotes hunger, taste, anddigestion; eliminates doßha excesses, breaks uphard masses, expands body channels.  

   Mental: Opens the mind and senses.
   In Excess: Causes thirst, fainting, tremors andpains, depletes reproductive fluid and strength.

Bitter PK- V+ (alum, goldenseal, neem)
    Physical: Heals anorexia, parasites, thirst, skindisorders, fever, nausea, burning sensations,cleanses breast milk and throat, is easily digested,promotes intelligence, and is drying.
    Mental: Clears the senses the emotions.
    In Excess: Depletes tissues.

Astringent PK- V+ (alum, oak, bark)
    Physical: Cleanses blood, stops bleeding, sweat,diarrhea, heals ulcers, is drying, difficult to digest,causes indigestion, tightens tissues, heals prolapse.
    In Excess: Causes gas, thirst, emaciation, lossof virility; obstructs channels, causes constipationand pain in the heart area, inhibits digestion.

Ayurveda healing from "The Ayurveda Encyclopedia" of Swami Sada Shiva Tirtha

    [...] Thus, Áyurveda offers a unique view of the energetics of taste: six tastes (the initial taste, its hot or cold energy, and its after taste), how tastes are related to the doshhas, organs, diseases, and emotions and their special properties. It is a complete science of the mechanics and energies of nutrition. Further, it reveals a causal relationship between food and health; how one feels is greatly decided by what one eats. As discussed earlier, Áyurveda aims to remove the cause of an illness. Rather than ‘curing’ a specific disease, this science addresses the balance of the whole individual. It always considers the three levels of health: body, mind, and external causes. This chapter has examined the Áyurvedic view of how the tastes and energies of foods play a direct role in creating health or illness.  

   Life habits (external) are considered another essential Áyurvedic healing measure when life style changes are gradually adapted. In the original Áyurvedic texts, people are cautioned to gradually change their habits. Starting or stopping habits (even healthy ones) too suddenly, causes shock to the system. In the chapter on the seasons, a subtle seven-day transition period between seasons is noted and utilized to help people avoid disease during the shift. In the spiritual texts, we find similar wisdom about the transition points at sunrise, noon, sunset, and midnight. It is suggested that these are points of weakness and that the person is better advised to spend these transitional times in sádhaná (meditation). [Astrologically, the 1st, 8th, 15th, and 16th days, starting with the new and full moon cycle, are also transitional days best suited for sádhaná —or at least reduced activity.]    

    Even for a healing science that suggests vegetarianism to those who are healthy, Áyurveda does not advise giving up meat “cold-turkey “ (no pun intended). Even if a food is bad for one’s constitution (e.g., one’s favorite vegetables or desserts), or good for their doshha, gradual stopping and starting of any life habit is advised. Gentleness is the key. Similarly, if one too radically undertakes a detoxification program, one may experience uncomfortable cleansing, like diarrhea or excess toxins aggravating the body as they come out. Áyurveda has the unique position of offering a healing process that does not have to make one feel bad before feeling better; one needn’t feel punished for changing to a healthier way of life. Thus, healing becomes enjoyable. It makes life better, simpler, more natural, and it enhances spiritual growth as well. It may take some months before a healing effect is felt. Making one or two changes for health, and consistently following them, is better than experimenting here and there without a foundation for growth and healing. The Áyurvedic motto is, “no pain - no pain.” Also, people often look for quick healing— magic medicine that allows them to continue with their bad habits. In fact, illness is a sign (i.e., a teacher) that life is not being lived in balance. Herbs are a food supplement, not magic pills that instantly remove discomfort. Some people may be impatient with this ‘gradual’ lifestyle development, but it is enhanced lifestyle and not a quick, topical cure that Áyurveda achieves.

    Chronic indigestion also needs a slow change. One week of kicharí (rice and beans) may be needed for those with severe conditions. Again, some people may be disinclined to make changes, but the alternatives (i.e., illnesses) are less pleasant. Eventually one finds a food plan that feels comfortable. As discussed earlier, food essence rises through the channel to the brain, so it is crucial that wholesome foods are taken for its sattwic (pure) essence. Organic is also very good. Sattwic essence positively affects the mind. A completely Sattwic mind is the first stage of samádhi (Saibikalpa).